{"id":9429,"date":"2024-01-03T09:22:43","date_gmt":"2024-01-03T08:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ksg-pcb.com\/?p=9429"},"modified":"2025-02-18T08:35:03","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T07:35:03","slug":"pioneering-technologies-through-precise-impedance-control-the-role-of-the-printed-circuit-board","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ksg-pcb.com\/en\/wegweisende-technologien-durch-praezise-impedanzkontrolle-die-rolle-der-leiterplatte\/","title":{"rendered":"Pioneering technologies through precise impedance control: the role of the printed circuit board"},"content":{"rendered":"
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In a time of constant change and advancing technologies, the drive to successfully bring groundbreaking innovations to market is not just an entrepreneurial endeavor, but rather the linchpin for sustainable success. Within this dynamic environment, defined impedance control on printed circuit boards occupies a decisive position that can determine the success or failure of your application.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Printed Circuit Boards are the nerve pathways of the electronic world on which electrical signals pulsate. They are not only the connecting paths between electronic components, but also the guardians of valuable signals, especially in the high-frequency ranges. The impedance, i.e. the resistance that an electrical signal experiences on a circuit board, plays a major role here.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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The correct choice of material, the correct structure of the circuit board and a precise design are the three keys to taking control of this impedance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Key no. 1: The choice of material<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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At low frequencies, the popular standard materials such as good old FR-4 (glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin) are often sufficient. Overall, cost-effective solutions with acceptable impedance control can be achieved.<\/p>

But beware! <\/span>At frequencies in the higher GHz range, the choice of materials requires a more exclusive approach.<\/span> Why? High frequency signals can be attenuated due to losses in the PCB materials. To minimize this attenuation, we recommend choosing materials with a low loss factor, such as Rogers RO4835 or Panasonic Megtron 6. <\/span>The price may be a little higher, but the reward is the best possible control over impedance.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Key no. 2: Sophisticated architecture of high-frequency circuit boards<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Once you have chosen the right material, a sophisticated architecture is required to achieve the desired impedance, especially for high-frequency PCBs. Stacked structures, various materials and different layer thicknesses are usually used in this application. Extensive expertise is required, particularly in the design of the signal conductors, the reference conductors and the dielectric layer. The reference conductors are used to limit the electrical field of the signal conductors, while the dielectric layer should have a low loss tangent in order to maintain the integrity of the signals.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Symbolic image: missing or faulty impedance control can lead to blurred or distorted images in transmission systems (source: Wikipedia)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Key no. 3: Keep an eye on the design!<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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